1.7 Network Architecture
Network architecture
refers to the design and structure of a computer network. It defines how
computers and devices communicate, interact, and share resources within a
network.
It combines the network
topology and the method of data transmission between connected devices.
Types of Network
Architecture
i. Client-Server
Network
ii. Peer-to-Peer Network
Client-Server Network
A Client-Server
Network is a network architecture in which one or more powerful computers
called servers provide services and resources to other computers called clients.
The server
controls network resources, manages data, and provides services to the clients.
Features of Client-Server
Network
i. Centralized management
of resources
ii. Centralized data backup is possible
iii. Faster resource sharing through dedicated servers
iv. Better security due to centralized administration
Advantages of
Client-Server Network
- Better security
- Centralized backup
- Faster resource sharing
- Easy network management
Examples
- School management systems
- Bank networks
- Web servers
- Email servers
Peer-to-Peer Network
A Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Network is a network architecture in which all computers have equal status
and responsibilities.
There is no central
server. Each computer can share its own resources, such as files, hardware, and
software, with other computers on the network.
It is suitable for small
networks such as homes, small offices, and computer labs.
Features of Peer-to-Peer
Network
i. All computers have
equal status
ii. Resources such as files, hardware, and software can be shared
iii. No dedicated server is required
iv. Each user can control their own shared resources
v. Failure of one computer does not affect the others
Advantages of
Peer-to-Peer Network
- Easy to set up
- Low cost
- No network administrator required
- Suitable for small networks
Examples
- Home network
- Small office network
- Small computer lab network
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