Network
topology (LAN topology) [SLC 2064] [SLC
2065 S] [SEE 2066 S] [SEE 2067 S] [SLC 2068]
[SLC
2070] [SEE 2072] [SEE 2075U]
The
arrangement or connection pattern of computers or nodes and other devices of
the network is called network topology. The three basic topologies are bus
topology, ring topology and star topology
Bus
topology
The network topology in which computers and other devices are arranged in
linear format which uses a common backbone or wire to connect all the computers
and devices is called bus topology.
Diagram
of bus topology [SEE 2067 S] [SLC 2069 S]
Advantages
of bus topology [SEE 2073]
a)
It
is easy to set up computers and other devices in bus topology, because all the
devices are connected through a single wire.
b)
It
requires fewer cable media, so it is cheaper than other topologies.
c)
It
is easy to add new node to the network.
d)
Failure
of one workstation does not affect other computers on the network.
Disadvantages
of bus topology
a)
The
whole network system collapses if the cable or backbone is damaged.
b) The network slows down if
additional computers are connected.
c) The limited length of the cable
in a network may restrict to connect the workstation or devices.
d) It is difficult to find fault in
this network topology.
Ring
topology [MF 2076]
The network topology in which computers
are connected in the shape of a circle without any end points is called ring
topology. Each workstation contains two neighbours for communication or an
input and output connections.
Diagram
of ring topology [SEE 2072] [MF 2076]
Advantages
of ring topology
i) It is easy it set up and
configure.
ii) Each computer gets equal opportunity to access the network resources.
iii) It supports high data transmission rate.
iv) Performs better than a star
topology under heavy network load.
Disadvantages
of ring topology
i)Failure of any cable or single
computers may affect the entire network.
ii) It is difficult to detect the errors.
iii) Adding/removing the devices affect the entire network.
iv) Much slower than an Ethernet
network under normal load.
Star
topology [SLC 2065] [U1]
The network topology in which all
computers or other devices are connected through a central device through a
central device called hub or switch is called star topology.
Diagram
of star topology [SLC 2064] [SLC 2065] [U1]
Advantages
of star topology
i)
Easy to set up and configure.
ii) Failure of single computer or cable doesn’t affect the entire network.
iii) It is easy to find the fault.
iv) It is easy to extend to network by attaching new devices to the central
devices.
Disadvantages
of star topology
i) It requires more cable in
comparison of bus topology so it is more costly.
ii) Failure of central devices (hub or switch) break down the whole system.
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