Thursday, October 17, 2024

50 Python Programs Collections – 01 - SEE COMPUTER SCIENCE

 



1.     Sum of two numbers

 

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

sum = num1 + num2

print("Sum of two numbers:", sum)

 

2.     Difference of two numbers

 

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

difference = num1 - num2

print("Difference of two numbers:", difference)

 

3.     Product of two numbers

 

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

product = num1 * num2

print("Product of two numbers:", product)

 

4.     Division of two numbers

 

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

division = num1 / num2

print("Division of two numbers:", division)

 

5.     Modulus of two numbers

 

num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))

remainder = num1 % num2

print("Remainder of two numbers:", remainder)

 

6.     Find the average of two numbers

 

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

average = (num1 + num2) / 2

print("Average of two numbers:", average)

 

7.     Sum, product, and average of three numbers

 

num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

num3 = float(input("Enter the third number: "))

sum = num1 + num2 + num3

product = num1 * num2 * num3

average = sum_of_numbers / 3

print(f"Sum of three numbers: {sum }")

print(f"Product of three numbers: {product }")

print(f"Average of three numbers: {average }")

8.     Find the square of a number

 

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

square = num ** 2

print("Square of the number:", square)

 

9.     Find the cube of a number

 

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

cube = num ** 3

print("Cube of the number:", cube)

 

10.  Area of a rectangle

 

length = float(input("Enter the length of the rectangle: "))

breadth = float(input("Enter the breadth of the rectangle: "))

area = length * breadth

print("Area of the rectangle:", area)

 

11.  Perimeter of a rectangle

 

length = float(input("Enter the length of the rectangle: "))

breadth = float(input("Enter the breadth of the rectangle: "))

perimeter = 2 * (length + breadth)

print("Perimeter of the rectangle:", perimeter)

 

12.  Area of a circle

 

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))

area = 3.14159 * radius ** 2

print("Area of the circle:", area)

 

13.  Circumference of a circle

 

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))

c = 2 * 3.14159 * radius

print("Circumference of the circle:", c)

 

14.  Simple Interest Calculation

 

principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))

rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest: "))

time = float(input("Enter the time period in years: "))

simple_interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100

print("Simple Interest:", simple_interest)

 

15.  Calculate the total price after tax

 

price = float(input("Enter the price of the item: "))

tax_rate = float(input("Enter the tax rate: "))

total_price = price + (price * tax_rate / 100)

print("Total price after tax:", total_price)

 

16.  Calculate the volume of a cube

 

side = float(input("Enter the side length of the cube: "))

volume = side ** 3

print("Volume of the cube:", volume)

 

17.  Calculate the area of a square

 

side = float(input("Enter the side length of the square: "))

area = side ** 2

print("Area of the square:", perimeter)

 

18.  Calculate the perimeter of a square

 

side = float(input("Enter the side length of the square: "))

perimeter = 4 * side

print("Perimeter of the square:", perimeter)

 

19.  Calculate the area of a triangle

 

base = float(input("Enter the base of the triangle: "))

height = float(input("Enter the height of the triangle: "))

area = 0.5 * base * height

print("Area of the triangle:", area)

 

20.  Calculate the surface area of a sphere

 

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the sphere: "))

surface_area = 4 * 3.14159 * (radius ** 2)

print("Surface area of the sphere:", surface_area)

 

21.  Calculate the surface area of a cube

 

side = float(input("Enter the side length of the cube: "))

surface_area = 6 * (side ** 2)

print("Surface area of the cube:", surface_area)

 

22.  Calculate the volume of a cylinder

 

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the cylinder: "))

height = float(input("Enter the height of the cylinder: "))

volume = 3.14159 * radius ** 2 * height

print("Volume of the cylinder:", volume)

 

23.  Calculate the volume of a cone

 

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the cone: "))

height = float(input("Enter the height of the cone: "))

volume = (1/3) * 3.14159 * (radius ** 2) * height

print("Volume of the cone:", volume)

 

 

 

24.  Total cost for multiple items

 

price_per_item = float(input("Enter the price per item: "))

quantity = int(input("Enter the quantity of items: "))

total_cost = price_per_item * quantity

print("Total cost of item:", total_cost)

 

25.  Calculate the perimeter of a triangle

 

side1 = float(input("Enter the length of the first side: "))

side2 = float(input("Enter the length of the second side: "))

side3 = float(input("Enter the length of the third side: "))

perimeter = side1 + side2 + side3

print("Perimeter of the triangle:", perimeter)

 

26.  Calculate the area of a parallelogram

 

base = float(input("Enter the base of the parallelogram: "))

height = float(input("Enter the height of the parallelogram: "))

area = base * height

print("Area of the parallelogram:", area)

 

27.  Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

 

celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))

fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32

print("Temperature in Fahrenheit:", fahrenheit)

 

28.  Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

 

fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))

celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9

print("Temperature in Celsius:", celsius)

 

29.  Convert hours to minutes

 

hours = float(input("Enter the number of hours: "))

minutes = hours * 60

print("Minutes:", minutes)

 

30.  Convert minutes to hours

 

minutes = float(input("Enter the number of minutes: "))

hours = minutes / 60

print("Equivalent hours:", hours)

 

31.  Convert minutes to seconds

 

minutes = float(input("Enter the number of minutes: "))

seconds = minutes * 60

print("Equivalent seconds:", seconds)

 

 

32.  Convert seconds to hours

 

seconds = float(input("Enter the number of seconds: "))

hours = seconds / 3600

print("Equivalent hours:", hours)

 

33.  Convert days to hours

 

days = float(input("Enter the number of days: "))

hours = days * 24

print("Hours:", hours)

 

34.  Convert hours to days

 

hours = float(input("Enter the number of hours: "))

days = hours / 24

print("Equivalent days:", days)

 

35.  Convert kilometers to miles

 

kilometers = float(input("Enter distance in kilometers: "))

miles = kilometers * 0.621371

print("Distance in miles:", miles)

 

36.  Convert kilometers to meters

 

kilometers = float(input("Enter distance in kilometers: "))

meters = kilometers * 1000

print("Distance in meters:", meters)

 

37.  Convert meters to centimeters

 

meters = float(input("Enter distance in meters: "))

centimeters = meters * 100

print("Distance in centimeters:", centimeters)

 

38.  Convert grams to kilograms

 

grams = float(input("Enter weight in grams: "))

kilograms = grams / 1000

print("Weight in kilograms:", kilograms)

 

39.  Convert kilograms to pounds

 

kilograms = float(input("Enter weight in kilograms: "))

pounds = kilograms * 2.20462

print("Weight in pounds:", pounds)

 

40.  Convert liters to milliliters

 

liters = float(input("Enter volume in liters: "))

milliliters = liters * 1000

print("Volume in milliliters:", milliliters)

41.  Convert milliliters to liters

 

milliliters = float(input("Enter volume in milliliters: "))

liters = milliliters / 1000

print("Volume in liters:", liters)

 

42.  Convert feet to inches

 

feet = float(input("Enter height in feet: "))

inches = feet * 12

print("Height in inches:", inches)

 

43.  Convert inches to feet

 

inches = float(input("Enter height in inches: "))

feet = inches / 12

print("Height in feet:", feet)

 

44.  Convert kilograms to grams

 

kilograms = float(input("Enter weight in kilograms: "))

grams = kilograms * 1000

print("Weight in grams:", grams)

 

45.  Write a Python program to solve a quadratic equation of the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0 using the quadratic formula.

 

import math

 

a = float(input("Enter the coefficient a: "))

b = float(input("Enter the coefficient b: "))

c = float(input("Enter the coefficient c: "))

discriminant = b**2 - 4*a*c

root1 = (-b + math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a)

root2 = (-b - math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a)

print(f"The roots of the quadratic equation are: {root1} and {root2}")

 

46.  Python program to convert USD (U.S. Dollars) to Nepali Currency (NPR)

 

usd = float(input("Enter the amount in USD: "))

conversion_rate = 132.52

npr = usd * conversion_rate

print(f"{usd} USD is equal to {npr} NPR")

 

47.  Python program to convert Nepali Currency (NPR) to Indian Currency (INR)

 

npr = float(input("Enter the amount in Nepali Currency (NPR): "))

conversion_rate = 0.625

inr = npr * conversion_rate

print(f"{npr} NPR is equal to {inr} INR")

 

 

 

48.  Python program that takes an input in seconds and converts it into hours, minutes, and seconds

 

total_seconds = int(input("Enter the number of seconds: "))

hours = total_seconds // 3600

minutes = (total_seconds % 3600) // 60

seconds = total_seconds % 60

print(f"{total_seconds} seconds is equal to {hours} hours, {minutes} minutes, and {seconds} seconds.")

 

49.  Python program that takes an input in days and converts it into years, months, and days

 

total_days = int(input("Enter the number of days: "))

years = total_days // 365

remaining_days = total_days % 365

months = remaining_days // 30

days = remaining_days % 30

print(f"{total_days} days is equal to {years} years, {months} months, and {days} days.")

 

50.  Python program to calculate the volume and total surface area of a hemisphere

 

import math

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the hemisphere: "))

volume = (2/3) * math.pi * radius**3

surface_area = 3 * math.pi * radius**2

print(f"Volume of the hemisphere: {volume} cubic units")

print(f"Total surface area of the hemisphere: {surface_area} square units")

 

 


Saturday, October 5, 2024

Introduction to Scratch and Key Features of Scratch

 


Introduction to Scratch

v Scratch is a visual programming language created by MIT for children and beginners to learn the basics of programming.

v It allows users to create interactive stories, games, and animations using a simple drag-and-drop interface, without needing to write code.

v Scratch can be used both online (in a web browser) and offline (with the Scratch Desktop app), so users can learn and create projects anywhere, even without internet access.

v Scratch is widely used in educational environments because it makes learning to code easy and fun.

 

Key Features of Scratch

v  Drag-and-Drop Interface: Users can drag and connect blocks instead of writing code.

v  Color-Coded Blocks: Blocks are color-coded based on their function (e.g., Motion, Control, Events), making it easy to understand and use them.

v  Multimedia Integration: Users can add sounds, images, and animations from Scratch's library or create their own.

v  Interactive Learning and Storytelling: Users can create games and animations while learning by exploring and experimenting with their projects.

v  Community and Collaboration: Scratch has an online community where users can share and remix projects, encouraging creativity and teamwork.

v  Beginner-Friendly: Scratch does not require writing code, making it perfect for children and beginners to learn programming in a fun way.

3.1 Concept of Block Programming

 



3. Block Programming

3.1 Concept of Block Programming

 

Block programming is a visual method of coding where programs are created by arranging blocks instead of typing text.

Each block represents a specific command or action, making it easier for beginners to learn programming without worrying about complex code syntax.

The blocks are designed to fit together like puzzle pieces, making it easy to understand the logic of the program.

 

Key Features:

v Visual Interface: Programs are created by dragging and connecting graphical blocks, rather than writing lines of code.

v No Syntax Errors: The blocks snap together in specific ways, reducing errors common in text-based coding.

v Focus on Logic: Emphasizes the logic of programming without worrying about the technicalities of language syntax.

v Color-Coded Blocks: Different types of blocks have different colors for easy identification.

 

Purpose:

Block programming is mainly used for educational purposes to help beginners, especially children, learn to code by simplifying complex programming concepts and making them more engaging and interactive. It provides a foundation for understanding programming logic and problem-solving that can be applied to more advanced, text-based programming languages later on.

 

Examples of Block Programming Tools:

v  Scratch: A popular tool for creating animations, stories, and games.

v  Blockly: A web-based library for building block programming environments.

v  MIT App Inventor: Used for developing mobile apps using blocks.

 

Benefits of Block Programming

v  Beginner-Friendly: Designed to help new learners focus on logic, not syntax.

v  Interactive Learning: Immediate feedback makes learning fun.

v  Reduces Errors: Blocks snap together in the right way, preventing syntax mistakes.

 

Why Block Programming is Important?

v  Accessible to All: Kids and beginners can learn to code easily.

v  Foundation for Future Learning: Prepares learners to understand programming logic before moving to text-based languages.

v  Engages Creativity: Encourages building games, stories, and creative projects.

 

Summary

v  Block programming makes coding easy and fun.

v  It uses visual blocks, making it ideal for beginners.

v  Tools like Scratch and Blockly make programming accessible to everyone.